109 articles - From Friday Nov 25 2022 to Friday Dec 02 2022
Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
| Lancet |
Preconception health and care policies and guidelines in the UK and Ireland: a scoping review. Online platforms, schools, general practitioner consultation rooms, pharmacies, and community centres are some of the avenues suitable to promote awareness of preconception health, facilitating informed decision-making about parenthood for al individuals and encouraging risk reduction. Funding Department for the Economy Northern Ireland, and National Institute for Health and Social Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (IS-BRC-1215-20004). |
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Lancet |
Pregnancy outcomes after first-trimester treatment with artemisinin derivatives versus non-artemisinin antimalarials: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. Continued active pharmacovigilance is warranted. Funding Medicines for Malaria Venture, WHO, and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. |
Prenatal alcohol prevention in the UK: mapping the landscape through systematic collaborative review. This research will provide a comprehensive analysis of current provision, providing crucial evidence to inform research and practice. Funding The National Institute for Health and Care Research. |
Social norms concerning dating and relationship violence and gender among adolescents: a systematic review of survey measures used in dating and relationship violence research. Evaluators should draw on such measures to assess whether changes to norms mediate effect on DRV. Funding US Agency for International Development (agreement number AID-OAA-A-15-00042). |
The association between family structure and adolescent physical activity levels: a systematic review. Current evidence suggests that adolescents in nuclear families engage in more physical activity, however robust high-quality longitudinal studies are required to further investigate the long-term effect. Funding None. |
Use of intersectionality theories in interventional health research in high-income countries: a systematic scoping review. Studies on some conditions, such as mental health, have more often used intersectionality, whereas studies considering the LGBTQ+ community and individuals with physical disabilities as axes of inequality are particularly scarce. Funding National Institute for Health and Care Research School for Public Health Research. |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Ann Intern Med |
Medical Masks Versus N95 Respirators for Preventing COVID-19 Among Health Care Workers : A Randomized Trial. Among health care workers who provided routine care to patients with COVID-19, the overall estimates rule out a doubling in hazard of RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 for medical masks when compared with HRs of RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 for N95 respirators. The subgroup results varied by country, and the overall estimates may not be applicable to individual countries because of treatment effect heterogeneity. Primary funding source Canadian Institutes of Health Research, World Health Organization, and Juravinski Research Institute. |
Temporal Improvements in COVID-19 Outcomes for Hospitalized Adults: A Post Hoc Observational Study of Remdesivir Group Participants in the Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial. Changes in patient composition explained improved outcomes from ACTT-1 to ACTT-2 but not from ACTT-2 to ACTT-3, suggesting improved SOC. These results support excluding nonconcurrent controls from analysis of platform trials in rapidly changing therapeutic areas. Primary funding source National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. |
| Lancet |
A partnership approach to supporting the health and wellbeing of the Charedi (Orthodox Jewish) community in London. Statutory institutions should engage with local community organisations to support and facilitate public health interventions to increase relevant vaccine uptake and to improve awareness around wider health and wellbeing issues and services. Funding None. |
Adolescents' views on user-generated content and influencer marketing of e-cigarettes on social media: a focus group study. In addition, social media platforms should consider implementing more robust measures, such as age and health warnings, to ensure the prevention of vaping-related content targeted at underage users. Funding Cancer Research UK, UK Medical Research Council, and UK Chief Science Office. |
Association between individual-level socioeconomic position and incident dementia using UK Biobank data: a prospective study. Our study further strengthens the evidence base for designing policy interventions for at-risk subgroups of lower SEP strata to reduce burdens of dementia. Funding None. |
Cervical cancer risk factors in eight west African countries: cross-sectional analysis of the demographic and health survey 2017-20. Interpretation Identification of age of first sexual intercourse, age of first birth, and parity as the most frequent risk factors of cervical cancer will support more focused public health interventions (such as human papillomavirus vaccination and cervical screening) in the countries that the data was collected from, as well as globally. Funding Federal Government of Nigeria. |
Changes in online food access during the COVID-19 pandemic and associations with deprivation: a longitudinal analysis. Further research could examine changes in the type of food outlets accessible online and through our dataset, seek to understand the extent to which changes in access are associated with changes to food practices, diet quality, and health. Funding National Institute for Health Care Research School for Public Health Research, Medical Research Council. |
COVID-19 and the role of Voluntary, Community, and Social Enterprises in northern England in responding to the needs of marginalised communities: a qualitative focus group study. SSo is supported by a Health Education England and National Institute for Health and Care Research Integrated Clinical Academic Lecturer award (reference CA-CL-2018-04-ST2-010) and Research Capability Funding, National Health Service North of England Care System Support. VJM is funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research School for Public Health Research (grant reference PD-SPH-2015). |
Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on incidence of long-term conditions in Welsh residents: a population linkage study. The emergence of these yet undiagnosed cases could result in a surge of new patients in the near future. Funding This work was supported by the Wales COVID-19 Evidence Centre, funded by Health and Care Research Wales. |
Experience of homelessness during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tower Hamlets, London: a health needs assessment. Provision of psychologically-informed accommodation environments and improved support service integration must be priorities for future local authority commissioning. Funding None. |
Exploring relationships between exposure to fast food outlets and childhood obesity at differing spatial resolutions: results from the Born in Bradford cohort study. More research is required into the effectiveness of policies that ban FFOs. Funding UK Medical Research Council, UK Economic and Social Science Research Council, British Heart Foundation, ActEarly UK Prevention Research Partnership Consortium, and the National Institute for Health and Care Research. |
Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. These estimates can be used to help set priorities for vaccine need, demand, and development. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Wellcome Trust, and Department of Health and Social Care, using UK aid funding managed by the Fleming Fund. |
How did female survivors of abuse use the arts to support their mental health and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic? A qualitative exploration of their views. We conclude with a working example of how online platforms could provide avenues of support and community. Funding Wellcome Trust. |
How did living in temporary accommodation during the COVID-19 pandemic affect children younger than 5 years' access to health care and health outcomes? A qualitative study of key professionals in a socially and ethnically diverse and deprived area of London. Policies and services urgently need to focus on early development, mental health support, employment training, and opportunities for parents and carers, plus unambiguous definitions of what is deemed suitable accommodation and actionable planned steps to ensure enforcement. Funding None. |
Implementation of adaptation to climate change in public health in Europe: qualitative thematic analysis. The research was part-funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Change and Health at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in partnership with Public Health England, the Met Office, and University College London (grant number PHSEZT6210). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, the Department of Health and Social Care or PHE. |
Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination coverage in children younger than 5 years attending a paediatric emergency department in Manchester, UK: a cross-sectional observational study. Other work within this project looks at tetanus coverage and sources of vaccination data. Funding None. |
Perspectives of education and mental health professionals on adolescent school-based mental health promotion: a qualitative exploration. Despite current challenges, such as the scarcity of resources and political will identified in this study, capitalising on schools as health-promoting assets and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration through SBMHP could be a cost-effective way to address the current global mental health crisis. Funding None. |
Qualifications and training needs of social prescribing link workers: an explorative study. Willingness-to-pay findings suggest that link workers place value on their professional development and would be willing to spend their own money on training to improve their knowledge and skills. Funding AM is supported by a KESS 2 studentship. |
Rezafungin versus caspofungin for treatment of candidaemia and invasive candidiasis (ReSTORE): a multicentre, double-blind, double-dummy, randomised phase 3 trial. These phase 3 results show the efficacy and safety of rezafungin and support its ongoing development. Funding Cidara Therapeutics and Mundipharma. |
Risk factors for adolescent smoking uptake: an analysis of prospective data from the Millennium Cohort Study. Funding Cancer Research UK (grant reference PPRCTAGPJT\100005) and the UK National Institute for Health and Care Research School for Public Health Research. The funders had no role in the writing of the manuscript or the decision to submit for publication. |
Social return on investment of face-to-face versus online lifestyle coaching to improve mental wellbeing. With continued long waiting lists for people with mental health challenges, face-to-face and online lifestyle coaching might become more essential across statutory, private, and third sectors to meet the growing demand for mental health support. Funding Accelerate: the Welsh Health Innovation and Technology Accelerator. |
Socioeconomic differences in adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund Cancer Prevention Recommendations in the UK Biobank cohort. In contrast, less deprived participants were less likely to meet the recommendations for the intake of alcohol, red and processed meat, ultra-processed foods, and sugary drinks (p<0·0001) INTERPRETATION: Our findings provide evidence on which specific recommendations for cancer prevention could be tailored, or targeted, towards those in different socioeconomic status groups. Funding Wereld Kanker Onderzoek Fonds (grant number IIG_FULL_2020_032), as part of the World Cancer Research Fund International Grant Programme. |
Spatial analysis of the association between area deprivation and neonatal outcomes in an ethnically diverse maternal cohort in England: a retrospective cross-sectional study. Spatial analysis of routine data can be used to examine health inequalities at the small-area level to inform spatially targeted resources. Funding Wellbeing of Women, in partnership with the Burdett Trust for Nursing (grant reference RG2245). |
The distribution of alcohol consumption and heavy episodic drinking across British drinking occasions in 2019: a cross-sectional, latent, class analysis of event-level drinking diary data. Although this study provides, to our knowledge, the first detailed analyses of the distribution of British alcohol consumption and heavy drinking occasions across drinking contexts, its generalisability is limited by the non-random sampling method. Funding Economic and Social Research Council Grant Number ES/R005257/1. |
The effect of indoor soundscape on sexual wellbeing during the COVID-19 lockdown in London: a thematic analysis of remote workers' experiences. Interpretation Although this study is qualitative in nature and no causal link can be established, it highlights the influence the acoustic environment at home had on sexual wellbeing during lockdown. Funding Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers. |
The longitudinal effect of social media use on adolescent mental health in the UK: findings from the UK Longitudinal Household Study. Funding UK National Institute for Health Research School for Public Health Research (grant reference PD-SPH-2015). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Institute for Health Research or the UK Department of Health and Social Care. |
To what extent does time spent on social media influence adolescent use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes: a longitudinal analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Given the potential health harms of social media use, guidance for parents and caregivers about safe social media use and regulation on time spent on social media is required. Funding Medical Research Council, Chief Scientist Office, Wellcome Trust. |
Use of portion size guidance by first-time parents of 1-2-year-olds in the UK: a qualitative study exploring practices and awareness. Future research should focus on promoting age-appropriate portions and healthy weight gain through the use of dishware and packaging, which aligns with parents' current portioning practices. Funding National Institute for Health Research School for Public Health Research (grant reference PD-SPH-2015). |
What do public health professionals think their role is in tackling the climate and ecological emergency? A qualitative study. However, a limitation on the study was that only able to engage public health consultants who considered the climate and ecological crisis as important for public health, so it remains unclear in how far our findings represent the views of the larger public health community. Funding None. |
| N Engl J Med |
Buprenorphine versus Methadone for Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy. The use of buprenorphine in pregnancy was associated with a lower risk of adverse neonatal outcomes than methadone use; however, the risk of adverse maternal outcomes was similar among persons who received buprenorphine and those who received methadone. (Funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse.). |
Lecanemab in Early Alzheimer's Disease. Lecanemab reduced markers of amyloid in early Alzheimer's disease and resulted in moderately less decline on measures of cognition and function than placebo at 18 months but was associated with adverse events. Longer trials are warranted to determine the efficacy and safety of lecanemab in early Alzheimer's disease. (Funded by Eisai and Biogen; Clarity AD ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03887455.). |
Trial of Deferiprone in Parkinson's Disease. In participants with early Parkinson's disease who had never received levodopa and in whom treatment with dopaminergic medications was not planned, deferiprone was associated with worse scores in measures of parkinsonism than those with placebo over a period of 36 weeks. (Funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 program; FAIRPARK-II ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02655315.). |
Trial of Training to Reduce Driver Inattention in Teens with ADHD. In teens with ADHD, a specially designed computerized simulated-driving program with feedback to reduce long glances away from the roadway reduced the frequency of long glances and lessened variation in lane position as compared with a control program. During real-world driving in the year after training, the rate of collisions and near-collisions was lower in the intervention group. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02848092.). |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Ann Intern Med |
Major Update 2: Antibody Response and Risk for Reinfection After SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Final Update of a Living, Rapid Review. Evidence for a sustained antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is considerable for both Delta and Omicron variants. Prior infection protected against reinfection with both variants, but, for Omicron, protection was weaker and waned rapidly. This information may have limited clinical applicability as new variants emerge. Primary funding source Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (PROSPERO CRD42020207098). |
Outpatient Treatment of Confirmed COVID-19 : A Living, Rapid Review for the American College of Physicians. Some antiviral medications and monoclonal antibodies may improve outcomes for outpatients with mild to moderate COVID-19. However, the generalizability of the findings to the currently dominant Omicron variant is limited. Primary funding source American College of Physicians. (PROSPERO CRD42022323440). |
| Lancet |
Systemic sclerosis. This Seminar reviews the multiple clinical dimensions of systemic sclerosis, beginning at a precursor very early stage of disease, with a focus on timely early detection of organ involvement. This Seminar also summarises management considerations according to the pathological hallmarks of systemic sclerosis (eg, inflammation, fibrosis, and vasculopathy) and highlights unmet needs and opportunities for future research and discovery. |
The evolving landscape of pulmonary arterial hypertension clinical trials. Event-driven pulmonary arterial hypertension trials could face feasibility and efficiency issues in the future because increasing sample sizes and longer follow-up durations are needed, which would be problematic in such a rare disease. Enrichment strategies, innovative and alternative trial designs, and novel trial endpoints are potential solutions that could improve the efficiency of future pulmonary arterial hypertension trials while maintaining robustness and clinically meaningful evidence. |
The UK's Free School Meals policy during the pandemic: a thematic content analysis of policy documents and debates. The authors are funded by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Research's School for Public Health Research. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Institute for Health and Care Research or the UK Department of Health and Social Care. |
| N Engl J Med |
misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…
| Ann Intern Med |
| Lancet |
| N Engl J Med |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Lancet |
| N Engl J Med |